一、人生哲理类:创新

Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write an essay entitled Man and Computer by commenting on the saying, “The real danger is not that the computer will begin to think like man, but that man will begin to think like the computer.” You should write at least 150 words but no more than 200 words.

预测范文

There is a saying that “The real danger is not that computers will begin to think like humans, but that humans will begin to think like the computer.” The purpose of the saying is to show us that utmost importance should be attached to innovation and creativity.

To begin with, an attitude of innovation could be said to be the watchword, or motto of science. Think of all the innumerable times a scientific experiment must be carried out, all the laboratory tests, all the live trials, before a new medicine or vaccine is discovered. In addition,innovation is also responsible for many of today’s business successes. For instance, it was only after four years and four different tries of varying business models that an entrepreneur finally found success, and went to become the chairman of one of the largest Internet companies.

To sum up, in any field of endeavor, it seems necessary to first put great emphasis on innovation before one can finally reach success. It is as if life is testing us, testing our innovation and creativity to see if we are really dedicated to our vision, before life finally rewards us with success.

参考译文

有句话说“真正的危险不是电脑将开始像人一样思考，而是人类开始向电脑一样思考”。 这句话的目的是告诉我们应该充分重视创新。

首先，创新的态度可以说是科学研究的信条。想想看，只有在进行了无数次的科学实验、

实验室检测和活体试验之后，才能发明出新药物和新疫苗。其次，创新也是当今许多企业能

够成功的原因。例如，某家公司曾经尝试了四种不同的商业模式，历经四年才取得成功。后

来这家企业的老总也当上了最大一家互联网公司的董事长。

总之，在任何领域，一个人似乎只有在重视创新之后，才能获得最后的成功。生活好像 是在考验我们，考验我们的创新能力，看看我们是否能专注与自己的理想，最后才会给予我
   们成功。

亮点词汇

purpose 目的 utmost 极端的 importance 重要性 innovation 创新 creativity 创造力 to begin with 首先 attitude 态度 watchword 信条 motto 座右铭 Think of 设想一下 innumerable 无 数的scientificexperiment 科学实验 carryout进行 laboratorytests实验室检测 livetrials活体 实验 vaccine 疫苗 discover 发现 In addition 此外 is responsible for 是...的原因 try 尝试 varying 各种各样的 business model 商业模式 entrepreneur 企业家 chairman 董事长 Internet company 网络公司 to sum up 总之 endeavor 努力 necessary 必须的 put great emphasis on 重 视 reach success 获得成功 vision 理想 reward 给予

道长点评

随着计算机的不断普及和信息技术的飞速发展，人与电脑之间的关系变得日益复杂。 本题的含义是:电脑技术日益发达并不可怕，可怕的是由于长期依赖电脑，人的思维将越来 越机械化，最终被电脑所禁锢，而影响了人类的创新。引言前半句反映了电脑带来的积极影 响，后半句反映了电脑带来的消极影响。

句型拓展

In a different field of science, it is well known that Thomas Edison had over 1,000 “failures” before he finally succeeded in inventing electricity. 在另一个科学领域，众所周知，托马斯 爱迪生是在经历了一千多次“失败”后，才成功发明了电灯。
Therefore, while making good use of the computer, we should always bear in mind that it is only a useful tool for us, and that we can always think of better and more humane ways of coping with our needs or problems. 因此，在我们好好利用电脑的同时，我们应该牢记: 电脑只是我们一个有用的工具，而我们总能想出更好、更人性化的方法来应对自己的需 求和难题。
In spite of the negative impacts of computers, there is no need to worry too much about it. 尽 管电脑存在着负面影响，但也无需太多担忧。
二、情景作文:信任

Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay entitled On Maintaining Trust by commenting on the saying “It takes years to build trust, and a few seconds to destroy it.” You should write at least 150 words but no more than 200 words.
   预测范文

As an old saying goes, “It takes years to build trust, and a few seconds to destroy it.” Maintaining trust is the most important characteristic that a person requires to be successful in life. Only by consistently proving to be honest can a person earn the precious trust of family members and business partners.

On the one hand, parents’ relationship with his children must be based on trust and integrity. If a father promises many times to take his son to a football match and cancels every time, his son will naturally lose faith in his father’s words. On the other hand, in the business world, people with no trust sooner or later earn the bad reputation they deserve. I have observed how destructive a person’s dishonesty has been to his chances for success, and how his relationships with other people are purely superficial, based only on self-interest.

Trust is a very valuable asset, which is easy to lose but hard to gain. In the long run, an honest person will have earned the love and respect of the people closest to them, which, in my opinion, is the greatest measure of a successful life.

参考译文

正如谚语所说，“建立信任需要很多年，但毁掉信任只需要几秒钟”。一个人若想人生有 成，应具备的最重要的特征就是保持信任。一个人只有坚定不移地做到诚实，才能赢得家人 和商业伙伴的宝贵信任。

一方面，父母和孩子的关系必须建立在信任与诚信的基础上。如果一位父亲多次许诺 儿子会带他去看足球比赛，结果每次都取消计划，那么慢慢地，儿子自然就不再相信父亲说 的话了。另一方面，在商界，没有诚信的人迟早会落个身败名裂。我目睹了一个人用欺骗毁 掉了自己成功的机会，他与别人的关系统统是以个人利益为基础，因而纯粹是肤浅的。

信任是一份十分珍贵的财富，失去容易获得难。从长远看，一个诚实的人将赢得周围 人的爱戴和尊敬。在我看来，这就是衡量成功人生的最重要的尺度。

亮点词汇

trust n.信任 second n.秒 destroy v.毁掉 maintain v.维持 characteristic n.特征 require v.具备 successful adj.成功的 consistently adv.不断地 proving to be 证明是 honest adj.诚实的 earn v. 赢得 precious adj.珍贵的 family member 家庭成员 business partner 商业伙伴 On the one hand
   一方面 relationship n.关系 integrity n.诚实 promise v.承诺 times n.次 football match 足球赛 cancel n.取消 naturally adv.自然 lose v.丧失 on the other hand 另一方面 business world 商界 sooner or later 迟早 reputation n.声誉 deserve v.应得 observe v.目睹 destructive adj.破坏性的dishonesty n. 欺 骗 chances for success 成 功 机 会 purely adv. 纯 粹 superficial adj. 肤 浅 的 self-interest n.个人利益 valuable adj.宝贵的 asset n.财富 In the long run 长远看来 respect n.尊 敬 closest adj.最亲近的 in my opinion 在我看来 measure n.衡量尺度

道长点评

本文共三段、九句、199 词。首段为观点陈述段，共三句。第二段是举例论证段，是 并列结构，举出两个并列的例子。前两句举出第一个例子:家庭关系;后两句举出第二个例 子:商界。第三段为归纳结论段，共两句，是“总-分”结构。

句型拓展

Incidents of dishonesty frequently happen in recent years, and trust between people is decreasing. 几年来欺诈事件频频发生，人与人之间的信任度逐渐下降。
When the market economy is globalizing, a better international and interpersonal cooperation can only be accomplished when we established the solid relationships of trust at each level. 在市场经济全球化的同时，只有我们在各个层次建立了坚实的信任关系，才能实现更好 的国际与人际间合作。
Without trust, we can’t get along well with other people, let alone cooperate with them or get help from them. 没有信任，我们无法与其他人相处，更不用说与他们合作或者获得帮助。
三、流行文化类:信息爆炸

Directions: For this part you are allowed 30 minutes to write an essay about the impact of the information explosion by referring to the saying “A wealth of information creates a poverty of attention.” You can give examples to illustrate your point and then explain what you can do to avoid being distracted by irrelevant information. You should write at least 150 words but no more than 200 words.

预测范文

It is apparent that we are living in an era of information explosion. There is a famous remark that “A wealth of information creates a poverty of attention”. People in mounting
   numbers complain that they are lost in the information age.
It is true that the new information age has brought us so much convenience that we are

allowed to get plenty of information just with a simple click sitting in front of the computers. Unfortunately, we are also distracted, confused and annoyed by an incredibly large quantity of information. A case in point is that there are so many advertisements on the Internet that we are easily distracted by the irrelevant information of the target website. Again, when searching for something online, people are easily misguided by irrelevant information and forget their original plan.

Briefly speaking, it is imperative for us to use the Internet in a reasonable way and restrain from overindulgence. After all, the Internet is invented to connect you and me, to bring conveniences to our life rather than set a barrier to keep people misguided and distracted.

参考译文

显而易见，我们生活在一个信息爆炸的时代。有句话说“信息过于丰富会分散注意力”。 越来越多的人抱怨说他们在信息时代迷失了自己。

新的信息时代确实给我们带来了很多方便，以至于我们只是坐在电脑前轻轻点击一下， 就可以获得大量信息。不幸的是，我们也被难以置信的大量信息所分散注意力，变得困惑烦 恼。一个恰当的例子就是互联网上有这么多广告，以至于我们很容易就被目标网站上的无关 信息分散了注意力。又如，当我们在线搜索时，人们总是很容易地被无关信息误导，忘记了 原来的计划。

简单地说，我们必须以合理的方式使用互联网，避免过度沉迷。毕竟，人们发明互联 网是为了联系你和我，给我们的生活带来方便而非设置障碍使人们被误导并分散注意力。

道长点评

本文首段应该通过名言引出主题，表达自己的观点。第二段应该通过举例论证阐明信息 过于丰富会分散注意力。第三段应为建议措施段，关于如何避免被无关信息分散注意力提出 具体的建议。值得注意的是，国内写作考试曾经考察过类似话题。2009 年，考研写作曾经 考察“网络的近与远”;2009 年 MBA 写作考试考察“手机短信”。两篇文章中诸多表达均可使用。

亮点词汇

an era of information explosion 信息爆炸的时代 a wealth of 大量的 a poverty of attention 注意 力缺失 people in mounting numbers 越来越多的人 complain 抱怨 bring convenience 带来方
   便 be allowed to 允许 click 点击 unfortunately 不幸的是 distract 分散注意力 confuse 困惑 annoy 烦恼 incredibly 难以置信地 large quantity of 大量的 a case in point 一个恰当的例子 irrelevant 不 相 关 的 target website 目 标 网 站 misguide 误 导 briefly speaking 总 之 in a reasonable way 以合理的方式 restrain from 避免 overindulgence 过度沉迷 after all 毕竟 be invented to 被发明来 rather than 而不是 set a barrier 设置障碍

句型拓展

1. A good many people admit that they are too much addicted to Internet to maintain wholesome and regular lifestyle. 许多人承认他们太沉迷于网络而无法保持健康和有规律的生活方式。2. Once indulged in the fictitious world, people feel reluctant to approach others and to concentrate on real life. 一旦沉迷于这种虚幻世界，人们不愿接近他人并关注现实生活。

3. That's why some people have lost the skill of direct contact and get alienated from others.

这就是一些人丧失了直接沟通技能并与他人疏远的原因。

四、人生哲理类:人生

Directions: For this part you are allowed 30 minutes to write an essay commenting on the remark “The greatest use of life is to spend it for something that will outlast it.” You can give examples to illustrate your point and then explain what you will do to make your life more meaningful. You should write at least 150 words but no more than 200 words.

预测范文

The famous saying “The greatest use of life is to spend it for something that will outlast it” is rather thought-provoking, which tells us the real meaning of life. It is a contemporary social issue in China with common interests and permanent value.

In my view, there are good reasons to undertake meaningful things that exert positive and profound influence on the society, such as protecting the environment, helping vulnerable groups as well as promoting education. To illustrate, Abraham Lincoln never wavered in his devotion to democracy and equality, whose life has become an inspiration in the United States and throughout the whole world. His life, though limited, definitely lasts longer, and is a life worth living. Likewise, a young person who aspires to be a great writer might decide to buy some literary books or spend weekends writing and refining his works. Without any aspiration, he might simply end up spending all his spare time surfing online or playing online games.

In brief, a meaningful life serves to motivate and guide us in our daily lives. It
   provides us with the focus and direction that enable us to work towards accomplishing a special objective or task.

参考译文

“将生命花在比生命更长远的事上，就是尽用生命”这一说法相当发人深思。他告诫我们 人生的真正意义。这是一个人们普遍关注并拥有永恒价值的当代中国社会问题。

在我看来，我们应该从事对社会产生积极深远影响的有意义的事情，例如保护环境、 帮助弱势群体及发展教育。例如，亚伯拉罕林肯从未放弃投身于民主及平等。他的人生成为 美国以及整个世界的一种鼓舞。尽管他的生命有限，但无疑长久延续并意义非凡。同样，一 个渴望成为伟大作家的人，或许会决定买一些文学书籍或把整个周末的时间用于写作并修改 自己的作品。而如果没有志气的话，他也许只会将所有的闲暇时间用于上网或玩网络游戏。

总之，有意义的人生在日常生活中给予我们激励和指导。它为我们提供了专注的焦点 和方向的指引，使我们能够通过努力实现一个具体目标或任务。

亮点词汇

outlast 超过 rather 相当 thought-provoking 发人深思的 contemporary 当代的 social issue 社 会问题 common interests 普遍关注 in my view 在我看来 undertake 从事 exert positive and profound influence on 产生积极深远的影响 protecting the environment 保护环境 helping vulnerablegroup帮助弱势群体 aswellas 以及promotingeducation发展教育 toillustrate例如 waver 动摇 devotion 决心 democracy 民主 equality 平等 inspiration 鼓舞 South Africa 南非 throughout 贯穿 definitely ad. 无疑 likewise 又如 aspire 激励 literary 文学的 refine 修改 surfing online 网上冲浪 playing online games 玩网络游戏 serves to 用来 motivate 鼓舞 focus 焦点 enable 使能够 accomplish 完成 objective 目标

道长点评

六级写作历史上已经多次考察此类抽象话题，如 2011 年 12 月“The Way to Success”(成 功之路); 2013 年 6 月 “A smile is the shortest distance between two people”(微笑是两人之 间最短的距离)。2013 年 12 月同时考察了“Happiness is not the absence of problems, but the ability to deal with them.”(幸福并非没有问题，而在于解决问题的能力)。
   句型拓展

1. Doing small yet meaningful things can also show the greatest use of life, such as offering a seat to a woman with a child.做一些小而有意义的事情也能尽人生最大所用，例如给一位带孩子的 妇女让座。
2. If there is a way to make my life more meaningful, I reckon it should be to find something I am interested in and also is conducive to others or the whole society.如果有种方式来让我的人生更 有意义，我认为那将是找到我感兴趣的事情，这也对他人或整个社会有益。

3. I am deeply convinced that these positive efforts we make continuously will turn into a tremendous influence on our society in a good way, which is the greatest gift we can give to the future world.我深信我们持续的积极努力将以一种正面的方式对社会产生巨大影响，而这是 我们能给未来世界最好的礼物。

五、教育文化类:理论与实践

Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write an essay commenting on the saying “Knowledge is a treasure, but practice is the key to it.” You can give one example or two to illustrate your point of view. You should write at least 150 words but no more than 200 words.

预测范文

Would you want a doctor to operate on you who has only learned about operations from a textbook? The answer to this is obviously a resounding “No!” Knowledge gained from books must always be complemented by knowledge gained from actual experience, to be of real value.

For me actually practicing a particular action or experiment myself and experiencing the result, leaves a much deeper and lasting impression than what I get from simply reading or listening. If I read about how to write an essay or listened to someone talk about writing an essay, I still wouldn’t feel that I knew how to write an essay until I wrote one myself. The same can be said for other skills, like sports, for example. A person can know all the rules of a game, associated skills and strategies, but until that person gets on a court with a ball in motion, the theory remains flat, useless.

To sum up, as to theoretical knowledge and practical skills, the latter is certainly more significant. Just as British churchman Thomas Fuller put it, “Knowledge is a treasure, but practice is the key to it.”

参考译文

一个大夫只学过课本上的手术知识，叫他给你主刀你是否愿意?显然，这个问题的答 案是一声响亮的“不”。书本知识要有实际价值，就必须同实践经验相结合。

对我来说，实践某件事，或者说亲自去尝试某项活动并感受最后的结果，要比读书听课 给我留下的印象更深刻，更持久。如果只是读到如何写作，或是听别人讲解写作方法，我觉 得自己还是不会写，非得亲自写一篇才行。掌握其他技能也是一个道理。以体育为例，一个 人可以通晓所有的比赛规则和相关战术技巧，但除非这个人上场打球，否则那堆理论就是呆 板无用的。

总之，对于理论知识和实践技能，相比之下，实践经验当然更重要。正如英国教士托马 斯 富勒所说:“知识是一种财富，但实践是打开财富的钥匙。”
   亮点词汇

operate做 operation手术 textbook课本 obviously显然 resounding响亮的 complement 结合 actual experience 实践经验 actually 实际上 particular 特殊的 action 活动 experiment 实验 experience 感受 lasting 持久的 impression 印象 strategy 战术 court 球场 motion 运动 theory 理论 remain 仍然是 flat 呆板的 to sum up 总之 as to 对于 practical skill 实践技能 the latter 后者 significant 重要的 British 英国的 churchman 教士 treasure 财富

道长点评

本题要求评论英国教士 Thomas Fuller 的一句名言:“知识是一种财富，但实践是打开财 富的钥匙。”并要求可以给出一个或两个例子来阐述你的观点。显而易见，本题考查理论知识 与实践技能之间的关系，这是雅思写作反复考察过的话题。

句型拓展

1、  Although some students move on to pursue postgraduate or even doctoral studies, most undergrads enter the job market at the end of their four-year degree. 尽管一些学生会继续读 研或读博，但是大多书本科生在大四的最后阶段走上了就业市场。
2、  With intense domestic and global competition in the job market, students must learn skills that will enable them to fill a need in society once they have finished their post-secondary studies. 随着国内和国际就业市场竞争的日趋激烈，学生们一旦结束了高等教育的学习，就必须 学会技能以使自己能够满足社会的需要。
3、Practical courses, which enable students to solve real-world problems, are superior to theoretical courses in preparing students for the job market and should thus form an important part of the curriculum.

实践课程能够帮助学生解决现实生活中的问题，在为学生就业做准备方面优于理论课程， 因此也是学生课程重要的组成部分。

六、教育文化类:在线教育
Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay on e-learning. Try to

imagine what will happen when more and more people study online instead of attending school. You are required to write at least 150 words but no more than 200 words.

预测范文

E-learning has become one of the fastest growing markets in the world and shows no signs of slowing down. Although it will never supplant traditional university education, e-learning offers an attractive alternative to many people.

One major advantage of online learning is that it enables students to learn based on their own schedules. With e-learning, the participant can build a study schedule around his or her particular life situation, rather than the other way around. Another key benefit of online education is that it places no geographical restraints on students. Students with laptop computers can find a comfortable spot in any location with wireless Internet access and set
   up a virtual lecture hall. Finally, e-learning has the advantage of offering individualized instruction. For instance, students may be able to listen to prerecorded lectures, view lecture notes on-screen or print them out on paper, depending on individual preferences.

In conclusion, online education offers some major advantages. As e-learning technology continues to improve and the education market becomes more diversified, online education is likely to see further gains in popularity.

参考译文

网上教学已经成为世界上发展最迅速的市场之一，而且毫无减慢迹象。尽管网上教学永 远也不会代替传统的大学教育，但是它对许多人来讲都是一种很有吸引力的选择。

网上学习的主要优势在于学生可以按照自己的时间安排学习。有了网上课程，这些学习 者就可以按照自己的生活状态设计一个学习时间表，而不是根据学校的课程表定计划了。网 上学习的另一关键好处在于它对学生没有地域的限制。只要你有台便携式的笔记本，在任何 地方找到一个舒适的位置，且有无线上网服务，你就建立了一个虚拟的讲堂。最后，网上学 习还具有提供个性化指导的优势。比如，可以听事先录音的讲演，可以在屏幕上看讲座笔记， 也可以把笔记打印出来，采用哪种方式取决于学生的个人喜好。

总之，网上教育有诸多优势。随着网上教学技术的不断改善和教育市场的日趋多样化发 展，网上学习未来会更加流行。

亮点词汇

e-learning 网络学习 growing 日益增长的 signs 迹象 supplant 取代 attractive很有吸引力 的 alternative选择 major主要的 advantage优势 online learning网络学习 enable使能够 based on按照 schedule时间表 participant参与者build制定 particular独特的 life situation生活状态rather than而不是key 主要的 benefit好处 place设置 geographical地域的 restraint限制 laptop便携式的comfortable舒适的 spot位置 location地方 wireless Internet access无线上网服 务 set up 建 立 virtual 虚 拟 的 lecture hall 讲 堂 individualized 个 性 化 的 instruction 指 导prerecorded事先录音的 note笔记 depend on取决于 individual preference个人喜好 in conclusion总之 technology 技术 improve改善 education market教育市场 diversified多样化 的 is likely to 可能

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句型拓展

1、Many people consider university education as a springboard towards better jobs or higher salary, and to get a degree is their only goal.很多人把大学教育视为迈向好工作或 高薪的跳板，而且获得学位是他们唯一的目标。

2、College students also have the opportunities to make mistakes without serious consequences, and to learn lessons from such experience.大学生也有机会犯一些没有严 重后果的错误，并且从这些经验中吸取教训。

3、 The university education also provides students with a platform on which they can fully exert their potential.大学教育也能给学生提供一个能充分发挥其潜能的平台。