真题
中国的传统节日腊八节在农历十二月初八庆祝。腊八节又称“佛成道节”，是为了纪念释迦牟尼成佛的日子。在这一天，人们会煮腊八粥，这是一种用多种谷物和干果煮成的粥，如大米、小米、红豆、花生、葡萄干等。腊八粥不仅味道香甜，而且营养丰富，象征着丰收和富足。除了腊八粥，人们还会腌制腊八蒜，将蒜瓣放入醋中浸泡，使其变成绿色，增加食欲。腊八节是一个充满传统意义的节日，提醒人们感恩过去一年的收获，并为新的一年祈福。
 
参考译文
The Laba Festival, celebrated on the eighth day of the twelfth lunar month, is also known as the "Buddha's Enlightenment Day," commemorating the day when Siddhartha Gautama attained enlightenment. On this day, people cook Laba porridge, a porridge made from a variety of grains and dried fruits, such as rice, millet, red beans, peanuts, and raisins. Laba porridge is not only delicious but also nutritious, symbolizing abundance and prosperity. In addition to Laba porridge, people also pickle Laba garlic by soaking garlic cloves in vinegar until they turn green, enhancing the appetite. The Laba Festival is a festival full of traditional significance, reminding people to be grateful for the harvest of the past year and to pray for blessings for the new year.
 
翻译要点分析
节日名称和时间的描述
“中国的传统节日腊八节在农历十二月初八庆祝”
翻译为：The Laba Festival, celebrated on the eighth day of the twelfth lunar month。
使用“celebrated on...”来表达“在……庆祝”，直接说明时间。
“腊八节又称‘佛成道节’，是为了纪念释迦牟尼成佛的日子”
翻译为：is also known as the "Buddha's Enlightenment Day," commemorating the day when Siddhartha Gautama attained enlightenment。
使用“is also known as”来表达“又称……”，“commemorating...”说明其纪念意义。
腊八粥的描述
“在这一天，人们会煮腊八粥，这是一种用多种谷物和干果煮成的粥，如大米、小米、红豆、花生、葡萄干等”
翻译为：On this day, people cook Laba porridge, a porridge made from a variety of grains and dried fruits, such as rice, millet, red beans, peanuts, and raisins。
使用“a porridge made from...”来表达“用……煮成的粥”，“such as...”列举具体的材料。
“腊八粥不仅味道香甜，而且营养丰富，象征着丰收和富足”
翻译为：Laba porridge is not only delicious but also nutritious, symbolizing abundance and prosperity。
使用“not only... but also...”结构来表达“不仅……而且……”，“symbolizing...”说明其象征意义。
腊八蒜的描述
“除了腊八粥，人们还会腌制腊八蒜，将蒜瓣放入醋中浸泡，使其变成绿色，增加食欲”
翻译为：In addition to Laba porridge, people also pickle Laba garlic by soaking garlic cloves in vinegar until they turn green, enhancing the appetite。
使用“in addition to”来表达“除了……之外”，“pickle... by soaking...”说明腌制方法，“enhancing the appetite”说明其作用。
节日意义的描述
“腊八节是一个充满传统意义的节日，提醒人们感恩过去一年的收获，并为新的一年祈福”
翻译为：The Laba Festival is a festival full of traditional significance, reminding people to be grateful for the harvest of the past year and to pray for blessings for the new year。
使用“a festival full of traditional significance”来表达“充满传统意义的节日”，“reminding... and praying for...”说明其具体意义。
 
翻译技巧
使用被动语态
在描述腊八节的庆祝时间和纪念意义时，使用被动语态（如“celebrated on...”“commemorating...”），使句子更加客观。
列举法
使用“such as...”来列举腊八粥的材料，使句子更加简洁明了。
定语从句的运用
在描述腊八蒜的腌制方法时，使用定语从句“by soaking garlic cloves in vinegar until they turn green”来进一步说明具体做法。
固定搭配
使用“is also known as”“made from”“not only... but also...”“symbolizing”“reminding... and praying for...”等固定搭配，使翻译更加地道。