真题来源
2024年6月大学英语四级考试真题（节选）
 
真题原文
Passage 9: The Influence of Urban Green Spaces on Well-being
Urban green spaces, such as parks, gardens, and nature reserves, play a vital role in improving the well-being of city residents. These areas provide a natural escape from the hustle and bustle of urban life, offering opportunities for relaxation, physical activity, and social interaction. Studies have shown that access to green spaces can significantly enhance mental health, reduce stress levels, and promote a sense of community.
One of the key benefits of urban green spaces is their positive impact on mental health. In a study conducted by the University of Oxford, researchers found that people who regularly visited green spaces reported lower levels of anxiety and depression compared to those who did not. The natural environment provides a calming effect, reducing the negative impacts of urban stressors such as noise and pollution. Additionally, green spaces offer a peaceful setting for activities like walking, jogging, and yoga, which are known to improve mental well-being.
Urban green spaces also contribute to physical health by encouraging outdoor activities. Parks and gardens provide accessible venues for sports, exercise, and recreational activities, making it easier for residents to maintain an active lifestyle. For example, many cities have installed walking trails and fitness equipment in their parks, promoting regular physical activity among the population. This not only improves individual health but also reduces the burden on the healthcare system.
Moreover, green spaces foster social interaction and a sense of community. Public parks often serve as gathering places for families, friends, and community events, enhancing social cohesion and reducing feelings of isolation. In many neighborhoods, green spaces have become central to community life, providing a platform for cultural activities and social support.
However, the distribution of urban green spaces is often uneven, with some neighborhoods lacking access to these important resources. This can lead to health disparities among different communities, as those without access to green spaces may experience higher levels of stress and lower overall well-being. To address this issue, city planners are working to create more equitable distribution of green spaces, ensuring that all residents have access to these benefits.
In conclusion, urban green spaces are essential for improving the well-being of city residents. They offer numerous benefits for mental and physical health, as well as social cohesion. By investing in the creation and maintenance of green spaces, cities can enhance the quality of life for their residents and promote a healthier, happier urban environment.
 
翻译
第九篇：城市绿色空间对福祉的影响
城市绿色空间，如公园、花园和自然保护区，在提升城市居民福祉方面发挥着重要作用。这些区域为人们提供了一个从城市喧嚣中逃离的自然场所，提供了放松、体育活动和社会互动的机会。研究表明，接触绿色空间可以显著改善心理健康，降低压力水平，并增强社区意识。
城市绿色空间的一个关键好处是其对心理健康的积极影响。牛津大学进行的一项研究发现，定期访问绿色空间的人报告的焦虑和抑郁水平比不访问的人低。自然环境具有镇静作用，可以减轻城市压力因素（如噪音和污染）的负面影响。此外，绿色空间为散步、慢跑和瑜伽等活动提供了宁静的场所，这些活动已知可以改善心理健康。
城市绿色空间还通过鼓励户外活动促进身体健康。公园和花园为运动、锻炼和娱乐活动提供了便捷的场所，使居民更容易保持积极的生活方式。例如，许多城市在公园安装了步行道和健身器材，鼓励居民定期进行体育活动。这不仅改善了个人健康，还减轻了医疗系统的负担。
此外，绿色空间促进了社会互动和社区意识。公共公园常常是家庭、朋友和社区活动的聚集地，增强了社会凝聚力，减少了孤立感。在许多社区中，绿色空间已成为社区生活的中心，为文化活动和社会支持提供了平台。
然而，城市绿色空间的分布往往不均衡，一些社区缺乏这些重要资源的接触。这可能导致不同社区之间的健康差异，因为那些无法接触绿色空间的人可能会经历更高的压力水平和更低的整体福祉。为了解决这一问题，城市规划者正在努力实现绿色空间的更公平分配，确保所有居民都能享受这些好处。
总之，城市绿色空间对于提升城市居民的福祉至关重要。它们为心理和身体健康以及社会凝聚力提供了诸多好处。通过投资创建和维护绿色空间，城市可以提升居民的生活质量，并促进更健康、更快乐的城市环境。
 
阅读理解题目
What is the main benefit of urban green spaces discussed in the passage?
A. Improved mental health
B. Increased physical activity
C. Enhanced social interaction
D. All of the above
Which of the following is a finding from the Oxford University study mentioned in the passage?
A. Green spaces reduce physical activity
B. Green spaces increase social isolation
C. Regular visits to green spaces lower anxiety and depression levels
D. Green spaces have no impact on mental health
How do urban green spaces contribute to physical health according to the passage?
A. By reducing pollution levels
B. By providing venues for sports and exercise
C. By increasing access to healthcare services
D. By promoting indoor activities
What is a challenge related to urban green spaces mentioned in the passage?
A. Uneven distribution of green spaces
B. High maintenance costs
C. Lack of interest in outdoor activities
D. Increased noise levels
What can be inferred about the role of city planners in improving well-being from the passage?
A. They have no role in creating green spaces
B. They are responsible for ensuring equitable access to green spaces
C. They focus only on increasing the number of parks
D. They prioritize reducing pollution over creating green spaces
 
题目解析
正确答案：D
解析：文章提到城市绿色空间对心理健康的积极影响（降低焦虑和抑郁水平）、对身体健康的促进（鼓励户外活动）以及对社会互动的增强（减少孤立感）。因此，选项D“以上全部”是正确的。
 
正确答案：C
解析：文章提到牛津大学的研究发现，定期访问绿色空间的人报告的焦虑和抑郁水平比不访问的人低。因此，选项C“定期访问绿色空间可以降低焦虑和抑郁水平”是正确的。
 
正确答案：B
解析：文章指出，城市绿色空间通过提供运动、锻炼和娱乐活动的场所，鼓励居民保持积极的生活方式。因此，选项B“提供体育和锻炼的场所”是正确的。
 
正确答案：A
解析：文章提到城市绿色空间的分布往往不均衡，一些社区缺乏这些重要资源的接触。这可能导致不同社区之间的健康差异。因此，选项A“绿色空间分布不均”是正确的。
 
正确答案：B
解析：文章提到城市规划者正在努力实现绿色空间的更公平分配，确保所有居民都能享受这些好处。因此，选项B“他们负责确保绿色空间的公平获取”是正确的。
 
翻译与词汇解析
green spaces：绿色空间
例句：Urban green spaces include parks and gardens.（城市绿色空间包括公园和花园。）
well-being：福祉
例句：Access to green spaces can enhance well-being.（接触绿色空间可以提升福祉。）
mental health：心理健康
例句：Green spaces have a positive impact on mental health.（绿色空间对心理健康有积极影响。）
physical activity：体育活动
例句：Parks provide venues for physical activity.（公园为体育活动提供了场所。）
social interaction：社会互动
例句：Green spaces foster social interaction.（绿色空间促进了社会互动。）
uneven distribution：分布不均
例句：The distribution of green spaces is often uneven.（绿色空间的分布往往不均衡。）
community cohesion：社区凝聚力
例句：Green spaces enhance community cohesion.（绿色空间增强了社区凝聚力。）