真题来源
2024年6月大学英语六级考试真题（节选）
 
真题原文
Passage 3: The Role of Renewable Energy in Achieving Global Sustainability
The transition to renewable energy sources is a critical step towards achieving global sustainability and combating climate change. Renewable energy, including solar, wind, hydroelectric, and bioenergy, offers a sustainable alternative to fossil fuels, which are major contributors to greenhouse gas emissions and environmental degradation. According to the International Renewable Energy Agency (IRENA), renewable energy could supply up to 80% of the world's electricity by 2050, significantly reducing the carbon footprint of the energy sector.
One of the key advantages of renewable energy is its potential to reduce greenhouse gas emissions. Unlike fossil fuels, which release large amounts of carbon dioxide and other pollutants when burned, renewable energy sources produce little to no emissions during operation. For example, solar panels generate electricity using sunlight, a virtually limitless resource, without emitting harmful gases. Similarly, wind turbines harness the power of the wind to produce electricity, contributing to a cleaner environment.
However, the widespread adoption of renewable energy faces several challenges. One major issue is the intermittent nature of some renewable sources. Solar power depends on sunlight, and wind power relies on wind conditions, making it difficult to ensure a stable and continuous supply of electricity. To address this, energy storage solutions such as batteries and pumped hydro storage are being developed to store excess energy for use during periods of low generation.
Another challenge is the high initial cost of renewable energy infrastructure. Building large-scale solar farms and wind turbines requires significant investment, although the cost of renewable technologies has been decreasing steadily over the past decade. Additionally, the integration of renewable energy into existing power grids can be complex and requires advanced grid management technologies.
Despite these challenges, the benefits of renewable energy are substantial. In addition to reducing greenhouse gas emissions, renewable energy can create new job opportunities and boost local economies. The construction and maintenance of renewable energy projects require a skilled workforce, which can lead to economic growth in rural and remote areas. For example, the development of large solar farms in desert regions can provide employment opportunities and stimulate local economic development.
In conclusion, renewable energy is essential for achieving global sustainability and reducing the impact of climate change. While challenges remain, technological advancements and supportive policies can accelerate the transition to a renewable energy future, ensuring a cleaner and more sustainable world for future generations.
 
翻译
第三篇：可再生能源在实现全球可持续性中的作用
向可再生能源的转型是实现全球可持续性和应对气候变化的关键一步。可再生能源，包括太阳能、风能、水电和生物能源，为化石燃料提供了可持续的替代品，而化石燃料是温室气体排放和环境退化的主要来源。根据国际可再生能源机构（IRENA）的报告，到2050年，可再生能源可能供应全球80%的电力，显著减少能源部门的碳足迹。
可再生能源的一个关键优势是其减少温室气体排放的潜力。与燃烧时释放大量二氧化碳和其他污染物的化石燃料不同，可再生能源在运行过程中几乎不产生排放。例如，太阳能电池板利用阳光发电，这是一种几乎无限的资源，且不会排放有害气体。同样，风力涡轮机利用风能发电，有助于创造更清洁的环境。
然而，可再生能源的广泛采用面临几个挑战。一个主要问题是某些可再生能源的间歇性。太阳能依赖阳光，风能依赖风况，这使得确保稳定和连续的电力供应变得困难。为解决这一问题，正在开发储能解决方案，如电池和抽水蓄能，以储存多余的能量，供低发电时段使用。
另一个挑战是可再生能源基础设施的高初始成本。建设大规模太阳能电站和风力涡轮机需要大量投资，尽管过去十年间可再生能源技术的成本一直在稳步下降。此外，将可再生能源整合到现有电网可能较为复杂，需要先进的电网管理技术。
尽管存在这些挑战，可再生能源的好处是巨大的。除了减少温室气体排放外，可再生能源还可以创造新的就业机会，推动当地经济发展。可再生能源项目的建设和维护需要熟练的劳动力，这可以促进农村和偏远地区的经济增长。例如，在沙漠地区开发大型太阳能电站可以提供就业机会，刺激当地经济发展。
总之，可再生能源对于实现全球可持续性和减少气候变化的影响至关重要。尽管仍存在挑战，但技术进步和支持性政策可以加速向可再生能源未来的转型，确保为子孙后代创造一个更清洁、更可持续的世界。
 
阅读理解题目
What is the main purpose of transitioning to renewable energy according to the passage?
A. To reduce the cost of electricity
B. To create new job opportunities
C. To achieve global sustainability
D. To increase energy supply
Which of the following is a challenge in adopting renewable energy mentioned in the passage?
A. High operational costs
B. Intermittent energy supply
C. Limited technological advancements
D. Decreasing energy demand
What is one benefit of renewable energy discussed in the passage?
A. Reduced greenhouse gas emissions
B. Increased dependence on fossil fuels
C. Lower initial investment costs
D. Simplified grid management
What role do energy storage solutions play in renewable energy according to the passage?
A. They increase the cost of renewable energy.
B. They help ensure a stable energy supply.
C. They reduce the efficiency of renewable energy.
D. They are not necessary for renewable energy.
What can be inferred about the future of renewable energy from the passage?
A. It will replace all fossil fuels by 2050.
B. It will face no challenges in the future.
C. It will contribute to a more sustainable world.
D. It will be too expensive to implement widely.
 
题目解析
正确答案：C
解析：文章指出，向可再生能源的转型是实现全球可持续性和应对气候变化的关键一步。因此，选项C“实现全球可持续性”是正确的。
正确答案：B
解析：文章提到，某些可再生能源（如太阳能和风能）的间歇性是一个主要挑战，因为它们难以确保稳定和连续的电力供应。因此，选项B“间歇性能源供应”是正确的。
正确答案：A
解析：文章指出，可再生能源的一个关键优势是其减少温室气体排放的潜力。因此，选项A“减少温室气体排放”是正确的。
正确答案：B
解析：文章提到，储能解决方案（如电池和抽水蓄能）正在开发中，以储存多余的能量，供低发电时段使用，从而确保稳定的能源供应。因此，选项B“它们帮助确保稳定的能源供应”是正确的。
正确答案：C
解析：文章总结指出，尽管仍存在挑战，但技术进步和支持性政策可以加速向可再生能源未来的转型，确保为子孙后代创造一个更清洁、更可持续的世界。因此，选项C“它将为一个更可持续的世界做出贡献”是正确的。
 
翻译与词汇解析
renewable energy：可再生能源
例句：Renewable energy reduces greenhouse gas emissions.（可再生能源减少温室气体排放。）
greenhouse gas emissions：温室气体排放
例句：Fossil fuels are major contributors to greenhouse gas emissions.（化石燃料是温室气体排放的主要来源。）
intermittent：间歇性的
例句：Solar power is an intermittent energy source.（太阳能是一种间歇性能源。）
energy storage：能源储存
例句：Energy storage solutions are crucial for renewable energy.（储能解决方案对可再生能源至关重要。）
grid management：电网管理
例句：Advanced grid management technologies are needed for renewable energy integration.（需要先进的电网管理技术来整合可再生能源。）