一、意图题的考查目标
在四六级听力的长对话部分，意图题是常见的题型之一。这类题目不仅考查考生对对话内容的理解，还考查考生对说话者意图、态度或目的的推断能力。意图题通常需要考生透过对话的表面信息，挖掘说话者的真实意图。
 
二、意图题的常见问法
What does the man/woman probably mean?
（男士/女士可能是什么意思？）
What does the speaker intend to do?
（说话者打算做什么？）
What is the man/woman's purpose in saying this?
（男士/女士说这番话的目的是什么？）
What is the main purpose of the conversation?
（对话的主要目的是什么？）
 
三、意图题的解题策略
 
（一）关注语气和措辞
说话者的语气、措辞和用词往往能透露出其真实意图。例如，反问句、虚拟语气、强调句等通常都带有特定的意图。
示例：
听力材料：
“You know, if I had known the meeting was so important, I would have made more effort to be on time.”
题目：
What does the speaker probably mean?
选项：
A) He regrets being late for the meeting.
B) He didn't know the meeting was important.
C) He made a lot of effort to be on time.
D) He doesn't care about the meeting.
解析：
从虚拟语气“if I had known... I would have made more effort”可以看出说话者对迟到感到后悔，因此答案是 A) He regrets being late for the meeting。
 
（二）注意上下文语境
意图题的解答往往需要结合对话的上下文语境。单独的一句话可能无法完全揭示说话者的意图，但结合前后文，意图会更加明显。
示例：
听力材料：
“Woman: I think we should go to the movies tonight.
Man: Well, I was hoping to catch up on some work.”
题目：
What does the man probably mean?
选项：
A) He wants to go to the movies.
B) He prefers to stay at home and work.
C) He doesn't like watching movies.
D) He has no plans for the evening.
解析：
从对话中可以看出，女士建议去看电影，而男士表示他希望完成一些工作。因此，男士的意图是更倾向于在家工作，答案是 B) He prefers to stay at home and work。
 
（三）识别暗示和隐含意图
有时说话者不会直接表达自己的意图，而是通过暗示或间接表达来传达。考生需要通过对话中的线索推断出说话者的真正意图。
示例：
听力材料：
“Woman: I heard that the new restaurant downtown is really popular.
Man: Yeah, but it's always so crowded. I don't think it's worth the trouble.”
题目：
What does the man probably mean?
选项：
A) He likes the new restaurant.
B) He thinks the restaurant is too crowded.
C) He doesn't want to go to the restaurant.
D) He thinks the restaurant is worth visiting.
解析：
男士提到餐厅“always so crowded”并且认为“not worth the trouble”，暗示他不想去这家餐厅，因此答案是 C) He doesn't want to go to the restaurant。
 
（四）排除干扰选项
意图题的干扰选项往往是对话中的表面信息或无关内容。正确答案通常是基于对话的整体语境和逻辑推理得出的。
示例：
听力材料：
“Woman: Did you finish reading that book I lent you?
Man: Oh, I'm sorry. I got halfway through it, but then I got really busy with work.”
题目：
What does the man probably mean?
选项：
A) He finished reading the book.
B) He didn't have time to read the book.
C) He only read half of the book.
D) He doesn't like the book.
解析：
男士提到“got halfway through it”（只读了一半），因此答案是 C) He only read half of the book。
 
四、实战练习
以下是一个实战练习，帮助你掌握意图题的解题技巧：
 
听力材料：
“Woman: I think we should go out for a walk. The weather is really nice today.
Man: I wish I could, but I have a lot of work to do.”
题目：
What does the man probably mean?
选项：
A) He wants to go out for a walk.
B) He doesn't like walking.
C) He is too busy to go out.
D) He doesn't think the weather is nice.
解析：
从对话中可以看出，女士建议出去散步，男士表示“wish I could”（希望我能去），但“have a lot of work to do”（有很多工作要做）。因此，男士的意图是“太忙了，无法出去”，答案是 C) He is too busy to go out。
 
意图题考查的是考生对说话者意图的理解能力。通过关注语气和措辞、结合上下文语境、识别暗示和隐含意图以及排除干扰选项，考生可以更准确地推断出说话者的真正意图。希望这些技巧能帮助你在四六级听力考试中更好地应对意图题。下一讲，我们将继续分享更多实用的听力技巧，助力你的备考。