真题来源
2024年6月大学英语六级考试真题（节选）
 
真题原文
Passage 2: The Impact of Climate Change on Global Biodiversity
Climate change is one of the most pressing issues facing the world today, posing significant threats to global biodiversity. Rising temperatures, changing precipitation patterns, and increasing frequency of extreme weather events are disrupting ecosystems and pushing many species towards extinction. According to the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC), up to 30% of plant and animal species could be at risk of extinction by the end of the century if global warming continues at its current rate.
One of the primary ways climate change affects biodiversity is through habitat loss. As temperatures rise, many species are forced to migrate to cooler areas to survive, but they often face barriers such as urban development and fragmented landscapes. For example, polar bears in the Arctic are losing their sea-ice habitats due to melting ice caps, while coral reefs in the tropics are suffering from bleaching caused by warmer ocean temperatures.
Another significant impact is the disruption of ecological interactions. Changes in temperature and precipitation patterns can alter the timing of biological events such as flowering, breeding, and migration. This can lead to mismatches between species that depend on each other for survival, such as pollinators and plants. For instance, earlier spring temperatures may cause flowers to bloom before pollinators like bees and butterflies are active, reducing the chances of successful pollination.
To address these challenges, conservation efforts are focusing on protecting and restoring critical habitats, as well as creating wildlife corridors to facilitate species migration. Additionally, scientists are exploring innovative solutions such as assisted migration, where vulnerable species are relocated to more suitable environments. International cooperation is also essential, as climate change is a global issue that requires coordinated efforts to mitigate its impacts.
In conclusion, climate change poses a severe threat to global biodiversity, but through proactive conservation strategies and international collaboration, it is possible to protect and preserve the rich variety of life on Earth.
 
翻译
第二篇：气候变化对全球生物多样性的影响
气候变化是当今世界面临的最紧迫问题之一，对全球生物多样性构成了重大威胁。气温上升、降水模式变化以及极端天气事件的增加正在破坏生态系统，并将许多物种推向灭绝的边缘。根据政府间气候变化专门委员会（IPCC）的报告，如果全球变暖以目前的速度继续下去，到本世纪末，多达30%的植物和动物物种可能面临灭绝的风险。
气候变化影响生物多样性的主要方式之一是栖息地丧失。随着气温上升，许多物种被迫迁移到较凉爽的地区以生存，但它们常常面临城市开发和破碎化景观的阻碍。例如，北极的北极熊由于冰盖融化而失去其海冰栖息地，而热带的珊瑚礁则因海洋温度升高而遭受白化。
另一个显著的影响是生态相互作用的破坏。温度和降水模式的变化可以改变生物事件的时机，如开花、繁殖和迁徙。这可能导致依赖彼此生存的物种之间出现不匹配，例如传粉者和植物。例如，春季气温升高可能导致花卉在蜜蜂和蝴蝶等传粉者活动之前开放，从而降低成功授粉的可能性。
为了应对这些挑战，保护工作正专注于保护和恢复关键栖息地，以及创建野生动物走廊以促进物种迁徙。此外，科学家们正在探索创新解决方案，如辅助迁移，即将脆弱物种迁移到更适合的环境中。国际合作也是必不可少的，因为气候变化是一个全球性问题，需要协调努力来减轻其影响。
总之，气候变化对全球生物多样性构成了严重威胁，但通过积极的保护战略和国际合作，有可能保护和保存地球上丰富的生命多样性。
 
阅读理解题目
What is the main threat of climate change discussed in the passage?
A. Rising sea levels
B. Increased pollution
C. Loss of biodiversity
D. Economic instability
Which of the following is a direct result of climate change on species according to the passage?
A. Increased migration
B. Higher reproductive rates
C. Improved adaptability
D. Enhanced survival skills
What is one of the conservation strategies mentioned in the passage?
A. Reducing carbon emissions
B. Creating wildlife corridors
C. Increasing urban development
D. Promoting industrial growth
What is the role of international cooperation in addressing climate change according to the passage?
A. It is essential for coordinated efforts
B. It is less important than local efforts
C. It is only necessary for developed countries
D. It is not mentioned in the passage
What can be inferred about the future of global biodiversity from the passage?
A. It will improve with technological advancements
B. It will decline without proactive conservation efforts
C. It will remain stable despite climate change
D. It will benefit from increased urbanization
 
题目解析
正确答案：C
解析：文章主要讨论了气候变化对全球生物多样性的威胁，包括物种灭绝风险增加和生态系统破坏。因此，选项C“生物多样性的丧失”是正确的。
正确答案：A
解析：文章提到，随着气温上升，许多物种被迫迁移到较凉爽的地区以生存。因此，选项A“增加的迁徙”是正确的。
正确答案：B
解析：文章提到，保护工作正专注于创建野生动物走廊以促进物种迁徙。因此，选项B“创建野生动物走廊”是正确的。
正确答案：A
解析：文章指出，气候变化是一个全球性问题，需要国际合作来协调努力以减轻其影响。因此，选项A“它是协调努力所必需的”是正确的。
正确答案：B
解析：文章总结指出，气候变化对全球生物多样性构成了严重威胁，但通过积极的保护战略和国际合作，有可能保护和保存生物多样性。因此，选项B“如果没有积极的保护努力，它将下降”是正确的。
 
翻译与词汇解析
biodiversity：生物多样性
例句：Climate change threatens global biodiversity.（气候变化威胁全球生物多样性。）
habitat loss：栖息地丧失
例句：Habitat loss is a major consequence of climate change.（栖息地丧失是气候变化的一个主要后果。）
ecological interactions：生态相互作用
例句：Climate change disrupts ecological interactions.（气候变化破坏生态相互作用。）
wildlife corridors：野生动物走廊
例句：Wildlife corridors help species migrate.（野生动物走廊帮助物种迁徙。）
assisted migration：辅助迁移
例句：Scientists are exploring assisted migration to protect vulnerable species.（科学家正在探索辅助迁移以保护脆弱物种。）