模拟题原文
In recent years, the concept of sustainable development has gained increasing attention worldwide. Sustainable development refers to meeting the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs. This concept has become a cornerstone of modern environmental and economic policies, as it addresses the urgent need to balance economic growth with environmental protection.
One of the key principles of sustainable development is the efficient use of resources. By adopting more efficient technologies and practices, societies can reduce waste and minimize environmental impact. For example, renewable energy sources such as solar and wind power have become increasingly popular as alternatives to fossil fuels. These sources not only produce less pollution but also offer a __1 supply of energy.
Another important aspect of sustainable development is social equity. It emphasizes the need to ensure that the benefits of development are shared __2 among all members of society. This includes providing access to basic services such as education, healthcare, and clean water, especially for those in underdeveloped regions.
However, implementing sustainable development faces significant challenges. One major obstacle is the __3 of short-term economic gains over long-term environmental benefits. Many businesses and governments prioritize immediate profits, which can lead to environmental degradation and social inequality. Additionally, the lack of effective policies and regulations can hinder the progress of sustainable development.
To address these challenges, international cooperation is essential. Countries need to work together to establish common goals and share best practices. They must also invest in research and development to create innovative solutions for sustainable development. By combining efforts, the global community can make significant strides towards a more sustainable future.
In conclusion, sustainable development is not just an environmental issue but a comprehensive approach to improving the quality of life for all. It requires the participation of governments, businesses, and individuals to create a balanced and inclusive world.

模拟题题目
Renewable energy sources such as solar and wind power offer a ______ supply of energy. A. finite
B. constant
C. limited
D. sustainable
Sustainable development emphasizes the need to ensure that the benefits of development are shared ______ among all members of society. A. equally
B. fairly
C. widely
D. sufficiently
One major obstacle to sustainable development is the ______ of short-term economic gains over long-term environmental benefits. A. preference
B. neglect
C. rejection
D. acceptance
The concept of sustainable development has become a cornerstone of modern environmental and economic policies because it addresses the need to balance ______. A. social equity and economic growth
B. environmental protection and economic growth
C. technological advancement and social equity
D. resource use and population growth
By adopting more efficient technologies and practices, societies can reduce waste and minimize ______. A. resource consumption
B. economic inequality
C. environmental impact
D. social unrest
Renewable energy sources such as solar and wind power have become increasingly popular as alternatives to ______. A. nuclear power
B. renewable resources
C. fossil fuels
D. hydroelectric power
Sustainable development includes providing access to basic services such as education, healthcare, and ______. A. employment opportunities
B. clean water
C. affordable housing
D. transportation
Many businesses and governments prioritize immediate profits, which can lead to ______. A. economic stability
B. social cohesion
C. environmental degradation
D. technological innovation
International cooperation is essential to address the challenges of sustainable development because it allows countries to ______. A. compete for resources
B. establish common goals
C. focus on individual interests
D. avoid responsibility
Sustainable development is a comprehensive approach to improving the quality of life for all, requiring the participation of ______. A. governments only
B. businesses only
C. individuals only
D. governments, businesses, and individuals

答案
D
B
A
B
C
C
B
C
B
D

题目解析
D. sustainable
文章提到，可再生能源如太阳能和风能不仅污染少，还提供可持续（sustainable）的能源供应。选项D正确。选项A（有限的）、B（恒定的）和C（有限的）与文章内容不符。
B. fairly
文章指出，可持续发展强调发展的好处应该公平（fairly）地在社会所有成员之间共享。选项B正确。选项A（平等地）、C（广泛地）和D（足够地）与文章内容不符。
A. preference
文章提到，可持续发展面临的一个主要障碍是优先考虑（preference）短期经济利益而不是长期环境利益。选项A正确。选项B（忽视）、C（拒绝）和D（接受）与文章内容不符。
B. environmental protection and economic growth
文章指出，可持续发展的概念成为现代环境和经济政策的基石，因为它解决了平衡经济增长与环境保护的需求。选项B正确。选项A（社会公平与经济增长）、C（技术进步与社会公平）和D（资源使用与人口增长）与文章内容不符。
C. environmental impact
文章提到，通过采用更高效的技术和实践，社会可以减少浪费并最小化环境影响（environmental impact）。选项C正确。选项A（资源消耗）、B（经济不平等）和D（社会动荡）与文章内容不符。
C. fossil fuels
文章指出，可再生能源如太阳能和风能作为传统化石燃料（fossil fuels）的替代品越来越受欢迎。选项C正确。选项A（核能）、B（可再生资源）和D（水电）与文章内容不符。
B. clean water
文章提到，可持续发展包括提供基本服务，如教育、医疗和清洁水（clean water）。选项B正确。选项A（就业机会）、C（经济适用房）和D（交通）与文章内容不符。
C. environmental degradation
文章指出，许多企业和政府优先考虑即时利润，这可能导致环境退化（environmental degradation）。选项C正确。选项A（经济稳定）、B（社会凝聚力）和D（技术创新）与文章内容不符。
B. establish common goals
文章提到，国际合作对于应对可持续发展的挑战至关重要，因为它允许各国建立共同目标（establish common goals）。选项B正确。选项A（竞争资源）、C（关注个人利益）和D（逃避责任）与文章内容不符。
D. governments, businesses, and individuals
文章总结指出，可持续发展是一个全面改善所有人生活质量的方法，需要政府、企业和个人的参与。选项D正确。选项A（仅政府）、B（仅企业）和C（仅个人）与文章内容不符。